Cardiac Arrhythmia

Refers to any abnormal heartbeat, problems on heart rhythm

 

Classifications

Slow heart rate / Fast heart rate / Atrial fibrillation (AF)

 

Slow Heart Rate

Heart rate below 60 beats per minute

With the slow heart rate, blood supply to the body parts is insufficient

 


Fast Heart Rate

Heart rate above 100 beats per minute

With fast heart rate, the heart will be affected and blood supply to the body parts is insufficient


Slow Heart Rate: Symptoms

l   Dizziness

l   Faint

l   Weakness

l   Fatigue

l   Shortness of breath

l   Decreased conscious level or even sudden death in severe case

 

Fast Heart Rate: Symptoms

l   Palpitation

l   Dizziness

l   Fatigue

l   Chest discomfort

l   Shortness of breath

l   Breathing difficulty

l   Cold extremities

l   Decreased conscious level or even sudden death in severe case

Slow Heart Rate: Risk Factors

l   Degenerative change (aging)

l   Coronary heart disease

l   Heart failure

l   Drug effect

 

Rapid Heart Rate: Risk Factors

l   Too cold / hot weather

l   Exercise

l   Stress

l   Anemia

l   Fever

l   Hyperthyroidism

l   High blood pressure

l   Coronary heart disease

Slow Heart Rate: Diagnostic Test

l   Resting ECG

l   Ambulatory ECG Monitoring (Holter)

l   Echocardiography

 

Fast Heart Rate: Diagnostic Test

l   Resting ECG

l   Ambulatory ECG Monitoring (Holter)

l   Echocardiography

l   Blood tests (anemia, hyperthyroidism)

Slow Heart Rate: Treatment

l   Treat underlying cause

l   Permanent cardiac pacemaker (PPM) implantation

 

Rapid Heart Rate: Treatment

l   Treat underlying cause

l   Catheter ablation

l   Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) implantation

Slow Heart Rat: Complications

l   Faint

l   Arrhythmia

l   Heart failure

l   Sudden death

 

Fast Heart Rate: Complications

l   Faint

l   Arrhythmia

l   Heart failure

l   Sudden death

Cardiac Arrhythmia

Cardiac Arrhythmia

Refers to any abnormal heartbeat, problems on heart rhythm

 

Classifications

Slow heart rate / Fast heart rate / Atrial fibrillation (AF)

 

Slow Heart Rate

Heart rate below 60 beats per minute

With the slow heart rate, blood supply to the body parts is insufficient

 


Fast Heart Rate

Heart rate above 100 beats per minute

With fast heart rate, the heart will be affected and blood supply to the body parts is insufficient


Slow Heart Rate: Symptoms

l   Dizziness

l   Faint

l   Weakness

l   Fatigue

l   Shortness of breath

l   Decreased conscious level or even sudden death in severe case

 

Fast Heart Rate: Symptoms

l   Palpitation

l   Dizziness

l   Fatigue

l   Chest discomfort

l   Shortness of breath

l   Breathing difficulty

l   Cold extremities

l   Decreased conscious level or even sudden death in severe case

Slow Heart Rate: Risk Factors

l   Degenerative change (aging)

l   Coronary heart disease

l   Heart failure

l   Drug effect

 

Rapid Heart Rate: Risk Factors

l   Too cold / hot weather

l   Exercise

l   Stress

l   Anemia

l   Fever

l   Hyperthyroidism

l   High blood pressure

l   Coronary heart disease

Slow Heart Rate: Diagnostic Test

l   Resting ECG

l   Ambulatory ECG Monitoring (Holter)

l   Echocardiography

 

Fast Heart Rate: Diagnostic Test

l   Resting ECG

l   Ambulatory ECG Monitoring (Holter)

l   Echocardiography

l   Blood tests (anemia, hyperthyroidism)

Slow Heart Rate: Treatment

l   Treat underlying cause

l   Permanent cardiac pacemaker (PPM) implantation

 

Rapid Heart Rate: Treatment

l   Treat underlying cause

l   Catheter ablation

l   Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) implantation

Slow Heart Rat: Complications

l   Faint

l   Arrhythmia

l   Heart failure

l   Sudden death

 

Fast Heart Rate: Complications

l   Faint

l   Arrhythmia

l   Heart failure

l   Sudden death